叶黄素和虾青素对大黄鱼体色及抗氧化能力的影响

Effect of xanthophylls and astaxanthin on the skin color and antioxidant capacity of large yellow croaker(Larimichthys crocea)

为了探讨饲料色素对大黄鱼成鱼体色及其抗氧化能力的影响,在基础饲料中分别添加0 mg/kg(对照组D1)、100 mg/kg(D2)、200 mg/kg(D3)、300 mg/kg(D4)叶黄素和虾青素(1∶1)混合色素配制成4种等氮等能饲料,选择平均体质量为(365.54±5.83)g的大黄鱼1 800尾,随机分为4组,每组设置3个重复,每个重复150尾,进行为期60 d投喂试验。结果表明,投喂30 d后,色素添加组大黄鱼背部和腹部皮肤的黄色值(b*)显著高于对照组(P<0.05);实验结束时,除D2组的大黄鱼腹部皮肤的红色值(a*)显著高于其他组(P<0.05)外,各组之间大黄鱼背部及腹部皮肤亮度值(L*)和红色值(a*)均无显著性差异(P>0.05),各色素添加组的大黄鱼背部和腹部皮肤的黄色值(b*)无显著性差异(P>0.05),但均显著高于对照组(P<0.05);大黄鱼肝脏总抗氧化能力(TAOC)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性均随着色素添加水平的上升而升高,丙二醛(MDA)含量随着色素添加水平的上升而降低。因此,在本试验条件下,饲料中添加叶黄素和虾青素(1∶1)混合色素可以改善大黄鱼成鱼体色及提高其抗氧化能力,综上并考虑饲料成本,建议混合色素添加量为100~200 mg/kg。

This study was to investigate the effect of feed pigment on the skin color and antioxidant capacity of Larimichthys crocea.Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated by adding 0 mg/kg(D1),100 mg/kg(D2),200 mg/kg(D3)and 300 mg/kg(D4)xanthophylls and astaxanthin mixture(1∶1)into the basal diet.1 800 healthy L.crocea with an average body weight of(365.54±5.83)g were selected and randomly divided into four groups with three replicates per group and 150 fish per replicate.The experimental fish were respectively fed four diets for 60 days.The results showed that the yellowness value(b*)of the dorsal and ventral skin of the L.crocea was significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.05)after 30 d feeding.At the end of the experiment,the redness value(a*)of the ventral skin in D2 group was significantly higher than that of other experimental groups(P<0.05),while no significant difference in the brightness value(L*)and redness value(a*)of dorsal and ventral skin were observed among other groups.Also,no significant differences in the yellowness value(b*)of dorsal and ventral skin were observed among experimental groups(P>0.05),but they were significantly higher than that in D1 group(P<0.05).The total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC),catalase(CAT)and superoxide dismutase(SOD)activities in the liver of L.crocea were increased with the increasing level of pigment in the diet.However,an opposite result was found on the liver malondialdehyde(MAD)content.In conclusion,the supplementation level of xanthophylls and astaxanthin mixture(1∶1)for improving the skin coloration and antioxidant capacity of large yellow croaker was suggested to be 100~200 mg per kg diet under this experimental condition.