福建养殖仿刺参基本营养成分分析与评价

Chemical composition and nutritional quality of aquaculture sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus in Fujian

本文对福建养殖仿刺参(Apostichopus japonicus)体壁的基本营养成分进行分析与评价。结果显示,养殖仿刺参体壁中粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、总糖和粗灰分的质量分数分别约为83.66%、1.36%、1.82%和11.42%,与消费市场上其他品种海参相比,其具有高蛋白、低脂质、低灰分的营养成分组成。体壁肌肉测得18种常见氨基酸总含量(TAA)为72.13%,必需氨基酸与非必需氨基酸的比值(EAA/NEAA)为59.41%,必需氨基酸含量占氨基酸总含量(EAA/TAA)的37.27%,鲜味氨基酸占氨基酸总含量(FAA/TAA)的45.79%,药效氨基酸占氨基酸总含量(MAA/TAA)的64.43%,赖氨酸/精氨酸比值(Lys/Arg)为0.53,必需氨基酸指数EAAI为69.93,氨基酸各组分平衡效果好,营养价值高,满足FAO/WHO的理想模式。共检测出5种常量元素和4种微量元素,含量最高分别为磷(P)和铁(Fe)元素。综上所述,福建养殖仿刺参具有很好的营养成分比例,其品质在多种经济海参中具有较强市场竞争力。

The present study aimed to analyze the chemical composition and nutritional quality of aquaculture sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus in Fujian.The content of crude protein,fat,carbohydrate and ash were determined as(83.66±0.17)%,(1.36±0.01)%,(1.82±0.01)%and(11.42±0.26)%,respectively.Compared with other global common trade sea cucumbers,A.japonicus was found to possess better quality with higher protein,lower fat and less ash content.The content of total amino acids(TAA)was(72.13±2.54)%;the ratio of essential amino acids and non-essential amino acids(EAA/NEAA)was(59.41±1.05)%;the ratio of essential amino acids and total amino acids(EAA/TAA)was(37.27±0.41)%;the ratio of flavour amino acids and total amino acids(FAA/TAA)was(45.79±0.41)%;the ratio of medical amino acids and total amino acids was(64.43±0.09)%;the ratio of Lys and Arg was(0.53±0.02);the essential amino acids index(EAAI)was 69.93;the amino acid content was well balanced and fit for FAO/WHO ideal model.5 common elements and 4 trace elements were detected,among which the major element was found to be phosphorus and iron,respectively.Overall,based on the results obtained,aquaculture sea cucumber A.japonicus was found to serve as a better source of food diet and natural antioxidants.