护理实习生共情能力及其影响因素的调查研究

Survey and influencing factors of empathy capability for nursing interns

目的探讨护理实习生共情能力现状及其影响因素。方法采取整群抽样法抽取本院262名护理实习生,利用IRI-C量表对其共情能力进行调查。结果本院2016年5月至7月共有护理实习生262名,平均年龄(19.89±1.267)岁;本科学历39名,专科学历223名;出生地为城市82名,农村18名;担任班干部66名,接受人文知识培训89名,直系亲属从事医疗行业92名。平均共情能力得分(49.53±7.346)分,其4个维度中想象力得分(12.48±2.725)分,个人悲伤得分(10.79±2.184)分,观点选择(11.74±2.420)分,同情关注(14.52±3.237)分;护理实习生学历、生源地不同,共情能力得分不同,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论护理实习生共情能力有待进一步提高;院校应采取积极有效的方法帮助护理实习生提升共情能力,在培养过程中应依据护理实习生自身特点采取针对性的培养措施。

Objective To explore the status and influencing factors of empathy capability for nursing interns.Methods From May to July 2016,a total of 262 nursing interns were randomized by cluster sampling to examine the empathy capability using interpersonal reactivity index for China(IRI-C)scale.Results Their average age was(19.89±1.267)years.Among them,there were 39 undergraduates and 223 students had college diploma;82 students from urban areas while 18 from rural areas;66 students were once appointed as class committee members;89 students obtained humanistic knowledge training and 92 students had direct family members working in health sectors.The average empathy score was 49.53±7.346;4-dimension imagination score 12.48±2.725;personal soreness score 10.79±2.184;opinion choose score 11.74±2.420;empathy focus score 14.52±3.237.The empathy capability varied from education background and birth place and the differences were significant(P<0.05).The empathy capabilities were positively correlated with such factors as humanistic training,class committee member experiences and families with working experiences in health sectors.Conclusion Empathy capability of interns needs to be further enhanced.Colleges should take effective measures to improve students empathy capability and adopt precise training model based upon their different features.