基于水库调度的河流突发水污染应急处置

Emergency operation of reservoirs for sudden water pollution incidents in natural rivers

天然河流水污染事件频发,如何运用水库应急调度降低污染损失具有重要意义。以突发水污染事件应急处置为目标,分别构建了水污染溯源、浓度预测和水库应急调度模型,并通过数值模拟的方式对水库调度方案进行优选,最终建立了一套完善的水库应急调度技术体系。将技术运用于贺江2013年水污染事件应急处置分析,结果表明,模型重构的监测断面污染物浓度过程与实测过程较为接近,优选的水库调度方案及其处置效果也与实际情况基本吻合。结果说明本文建立的水库应急调度关键技术体系可运用于指导河流突发水污染事件应急处置。

Water pollution incidents occur frequently in the natural river systems.How to operate the reservoirs on rivers to minimize the pollution loss is surely of great significance to the emergency disposal.In this paper,we established several corresponding models for the sequential processes of source identification,prediction of contaminant concentration,and reservoir operation.Using numerical simulation method,we optimized the reservoir operation scheme.Eventually,we proposed a relatively complete technical system for emergency disposal and then applied it to the case of Hejiang pollution incident in 2013.Results showed that the simulated time series of contaminant concentration were similar to the measured series.The optimized scheme and its disposal result generally fit the actual situation.The results indicated that the proposed technical system of emergency disposal with reservoir operation is feasible and efficient for real sudden water pollution incidents in natural rivers.