地震水准测量中单双程观测对比分析

Comparative Analysis of Single-range and GO/RE Observation in Earthquake Leveling Measurement

通过对晋冀蒙3期历史水准观测资料的往返测中数、往测和返测数据拼环、统计检验、静态平差和动态平差分析表明:(1)往返测中数环闭合差大于0.85 W_允的观测环所对应的往测或返测数据的环闭合差容易超出限差;(2)统计检验结果表明,单程水准的环闭合差的量值大小、分布状况、正负比例、密集和离散程度仍保留正态分布的特性,与双程水准无明显差异;(3)水准数据静态平差后,利用单、双程水准计算的水准点高程存在一定差异,最大高程之差达到15.29 mm,平均相差3.9~4.3 mm;(4)动态平差结果表明,单、双程水准计算的垂直形变速率均能反映区域内的相对形变,但量值上有所差异;在垂直形变速率梯度图中,这一差异有所弱化。

According to error statistical tests, static adjustment and dynamic adjustment of mid-values of GO/RE observation and GO/RE observation data, we found that(1) the chain difference of GO/RE observation data corresponding to observation ring in which closing error was bigger than 0.85 W_允 more easily beyond the tolerance.(2)The results of statistical tests indicated that the magnitude of value, distribution, positive and negative proportion, concentration and dispersion degree of closing error still remained characteristics of normal distribution and was indifferent with GO/RE observation.(3)After the static adjustment of leveling data, benchmark heights calculated by single-range and GO/RE observation existed certain difference and in which the maximum difference of height was up to 15.29 mm and the mean difference was 3.9~4.3 mm.(4)The results of dynamic adjustment indicated that vertical transmission rates calculated by single-range and GO/RE observation were capable of reflecting relative deformation but the magnitudes were different. This difference was weaker in vertical velocity gradient map.