民国时期华北地区婚姻论财研究

Research about Matrimonial Wealth Barginning in Northern China During the Republican Period

婚姻论财是婚姻缔结的一项重要礼仪形式。进入近代以后,随着社会贫困化的加剧、男多女少趋势的强化以及社会动荡等因素的影响,婚姻论财逐渐超出了农村社会的承受范围,进而诱发了一系列社会问题。针对这种现象,地方精英与农民采取了不同的应对方式,地方精英大多站在批判或者消极承认的立场上,采取就事论事的解决方法,但并没有实现的社会基础及社会土壤。农民通过领养童养媳等变通的婚姻方式,在一定程度上解决了农村婚嫁两难的问题,也在一定程度上解决了婴儿的生存权问题。童养媳婚俗现象并不值得肯定,但它的确是农村婚嫁困难情况下的一种无可奈何的历史存在。

Matrimonial wealth barginning is an important protocol in the process of marriage.Since we enter the modern period,along with intensified poverty in society,aggrandizement of men outnumbering women,and impacts of elements such as social turmoil,matrimonial wealth bargining gradually exceeded the range of tolerance of rural society,and subsequently induced a series of social problems.Against this phenomenon,local elites and farmers took different countermeasures.Local elites mostly stood on the ground of criticism and passive acceptance,and advocated the solution dealing with the matter on its own merits,but this approach had no social foundation and social soil to be realized.Farmers,through alternative ways of marriage such as adoption of child bride,solved the dilemma of rural marriage to a large extent,and the babies right to live to a certain extent.The custom of child bride is not worthy of praise,and it was indeed a woeful historical existence under the circumstances of rural marriage hardship.