女性主体性的缺失:民国时期杂志中的新女性形象

Lack of Female Subjectivity:Images of New Women in Magazines of the Republic of China

民国时期,人们一般将接受新式学校教育的女性称为"新女性"。当时的杂志对这一群体大加批判,并建构了理想型的新女性形象,如"去装饰""摩登主妇""女战士"等。这些形象背负着贤妻良母的传统义务与救国保家的现代使命。在社会性别视角下,将这些关于新女性的话语放在民国社会这一特定的历史语境中进行考察发现,杂志建构的新女性形象是时代使命、男性中心主义话语和大众媒介三者合谋的产物。民国杂志依据时代需要对当时女性的这一形塑,并未呈现女性自身的主体性,而是对社会性别等级制的强化。

During the period of the Republic of China,women who accepted the new type of school education were called new women.At that time,magazines criticized this group and constructed the ideal image of new women:Decor,modern housewife and female soldier.These images not only beared traditional obligations of good wife and good mother,but also took the mission to protect our homes and defend our country.From the gender perspective,this paper examines those new women’s discourse in specific historical context of the Republic of China and holds that the new female images constructed by magazines were products of the conspiracy of three factors:the mission of the era,the male centralism discourse and the mass media.These images did not reflect the subjectivity of women themselves,instead strengthened the gender hierarchy.