基于居民感知的传统村落文化遗产保护

Cultural Heritage Protection of Traditional Villages Based on Residents' Perception

随着中国传统村落名录的陆续公布,传统村落文化遗产保护受到了广泛关注。使用问卷法,可以调查研究传统村落居民对文化遗产保护情况的感知评价。研究结果发现,传统村落文化遗产保护涉及保护措施、保护效果、居民保护态度和社区与居民参与程度;旅游发展成熟度不同的村落的居民,对文化遗产保护情况的感知评价存在显著差异;性别和居住性质是影响居民对保护措施感知评价的重要因素;职业和受教育水平对居民保护态度感知评价具有非常显著的影响;居民有关文化遗产保护的满意度,受他们对保护措施和保护效果感知评价的影响。由此建议,文化遗产的保护主体应明确保护对象的具体情况以及村落的自然环境,要依法保护,了解和尊重居民的保护态度和意见,提高居民的保护意识,并积极投入专项保护资金,对保护对象进行维护、修缮;另外在旅游开发和文化遗产保护工作中要提高社区与居民的参与程度,充分重视村委会的管理作用,使其做好保护工作;要强化对女性居民和外来迁入居民的宣传、教育,提高其保护意识,并为他们提供更多参与文化遗产保护工作的机会。

With the publication of the Chinese traditional village list,the protection of traditional villages’cultural heritage has attracted wide attention.We used the method of questionnaire to investigate the perception evaluation of traditional village residents’cultural heritage protection.The results showed that residents’perception evaluation of traditional villages’cultural heritage protection included protection measures,protection effects,protection attitude of residents and participation of the community and residents;there are significant differences in residents’perception evaluation of cultural heritage protection among villages with different tourism maturity;gender and living nature are important factors to affect residents’perception evaluation of protection measures;occupation and educational level have a significant impact on residents’perception evaluation of protection attitude;the satisfaction of residents on the cultural heritage protection is mainly influenced by their perception evaluation of protection measures and effects.It is suggested that the specific circumstances,the main protection of cultural heritage protection should clear the object and the village natural environment,protect and respect residents’attitudes and opinions,improve the protection consciousness of the residents,and actively put special protection funds,protect the object of maintenance and repair;also in the work of tourism development and cultural heritage protection,we should improve the level of participation of community residents and the role of village committee management,do protection work;strengthen the female residents and foreign residents publicity and education,enhance the protection awareness,and provide more participation in the cultural heritage protection work opportunities for them.