关于陕西方言“爹”字的讨论

Discussion on the Senior Address “Dad” in Shaanxi Dialects

本文拟对陕西方言的"爹"字在亲属称谓里的运用情况进行讨论。根据实地调查以及读时彦著述所获取的陕西方言对"爹"字的两种主要读音[ta]类和[tiε]类来列举语料。如陕北晋语"爹[ta]"字用来指父亲时读作阴平,关中方言区很普遍地把父亲叫做"达",陕南方言区较普遍地把父亲或伯父叫做"达";宝鸡一带很普遍地把父亲叫做"爹",陕南洋县等处也把父亲叫做"爹"。陕北晋语和关中方言对于父亲的叫法与山西及甘肃东部方言具有一定的一致性,陕南以至于秦巴山区的亲属称谓词的复杂性是罕见的。

This paper intends to discuss the application of the address“Dad”in Shaanxi dialect in kinship terms.According to investigation and local linguistic scholars’ideas,it is enlisted two pronunciations of the address“ta”and“tie”.For example,in Jin Dialect of Northern Shaanxi,the address[ta](father)is popular in referring to one’s parent with bloodship,with the first tune of the four pronunciations.In the middle and south of Shaanxi,the address is most often used as[ta];except that,in Baoji Area and Yang County(Southern Shaanxi),it is pronounced as[tie].So,in the north and middle of Shaanxi,and in the eastern Gansu and Shanxi,the address is read as[ta].But in the Qinba Mountain Areas,the pronunciation of it is far diversed.