N,N’-双(辛烷基二甲基)-2-羟基-1,3-二氯化丙二铵盐双子表面活性剂的合成及表面活性

Synthesis and Surfactivity Research of N,N'-Bis(octyldimethyl)-2-hydroxy-1,3-dichloride-propylene Ammonium Salt

以N,N-二甲基辛胺、环氧氯丙烷、盐酸为原料,合成了双子表面活性剂N,N’-双(辛烷基二甲基)-2-羟基-1,3-二氯化丙二铵盐[C_8-3(OH)-C_8·2Cl^-],并考察了n(N,N-二甲基辛胺)∶n(中间产物)、反应温度、溶剂配比及反应时间对目标产物产率的影响。结果表明,合成C_8-3(OH)-C_8·2Cl-的最优条件为:75℃下,控制n(N,N-二甲基辛胺)∶n(中间产物)=1∶1.1,V[(CH_3)_2CHOH]∶V(H2O)=1∶1,反应24h,C_8-3(OH)-C_8·2Cl-的最大产率为90.12%。产物经红外光谱(IR)和核磁共振氢谱(1HNMR)进行了确证。采用表面张力法测定了C_8-3(OH)-C_8·2Cl-和十六烷基三甲基溴化胺(HTAB)的临界胶束浓度。测试结果表明,C_8-3(OH)-C_8·2Cl^-具有一定的表面活性,其临界胶束浓度(CMC)为1.43×10-2mol·L-1,γ_(CMC)为48.2m N·m-1。

An ammonium gemini surfactant[C8-3(OH)-C8·2Cl-]was synthesized from N,N-dimethyloctylamine,epoxy chloropropane and hydrochloric acid.The influence of n(N,N-dimethylamine):n(intermediate product),reaction temperature,ratio of solvent and reaction time on the yield of C8-3(OH)-C8·2Cl-,were investigated.The results showed that under 75℃,n(N,Ndimethylamine):n(intermediate product)=1∶1.1,V[(CH3)2CHOH]∶V(H2O)=1∶1,response for 24h,the maximum yield of product was 90.12%.The surfactants were characterized by IR spectra,1HNMR spectra,and the results proved that they were all the objective products.The critical micelle concentration of C8-3(OH)-C8·2Cl-and hexadecyl-trimethyl-amm-onium bromide(HTAB),were characterized by means of surface tension.The results indicated that C8-3(OH)-C8·2Cl-had surfactivity,and its critical micelle concentration was 1.43×10-2mol/L,the critical tension was 48.2 mN/m.