化工过程强化技术在制备铜基合成甲醇催化剂中的应用

Application of Chemical Process Intensification Technology in Preparation of Copper-based Catalysts for Methanol Synthesis

甲醇工业的飞速发展得益于催化剂的不断更新换代。本文以共沉淀法制备Cu O/Zn O/Al2O3催化剂为基础,详细阐述了各个工艺条件如温度、p H、陈化时间、滴加速度、搅拌速度等,对催化剂结构、Cu/Zn分散度和催化活性的影响。针对搅拌槽反应器的微观混合效率低,共沉淀过程中存在局部过饱和度不均一,继而导致铜基催化剂形貌、尺寸、结构等难以精确控制的问题,介绍了微反应器、撞击流反应器、旋转填充床、微波辐射、超声处理和超临界技术等过程强化新设备或技术在制备铜基催化剂中的应用,为工业上宏量合成形貌规则、粒径均一、Cu/Zn分散度高、催化活性好、寿命长的铜锌铝催化剂提供一种新思路。

The rapid development of methanol industry was benefited from the constant updating of catalysts.In this paper,on the basis of co-precipitation of CuO/ZnO/Al2O3 catalysts,the effects of preparation conditions such as temperature,pH,aging time,addition rate,stirring velocity and etc.,on the phase structures,Cu/Zn dispersion and catalytic performances of copper-based catalysts were discussed.However,it was difficult to achieve a rapid micromixing in traditional stirred reactors due to their poor mixing and mass transfer performance,as a consequence,the initial precipitates formed in stirred batch reactors may differ significantly,which could further lead to different microstructures and properties of CuO/ZnO/Al2O3 catalysts.Therefore,this paper reviewed the latest developments of some typical chemical process intensification technologies and reactors,such as microreactor,impinging stream reactor,rotating packed bed,ultrasonic treatment,microwave-assisted technology,supercritical fluid technology,in the preparation of copper-based catalysts.These advanced chemical process intensification technologies were expected to be promising and powerful methods in the mass synthesis of copper-based catalysts with regular shape,uniform particle size,better Cu/Zn dispersion,long catalyst life and superior catalytic activity.