财政分权、地方政府行为与中国雾霾污染

Fiscal Decentralization,Local Government Behavior and Haze Pollution in China

文章在考虑空间溢出效应下,从财政分权视角分析了地方政府行为对雾霾污染的作用机制,并通过空间杜宾模型(SDM)研究发现:首先,考虑空间溢出和效应分解的财政分权具有"舍己为人"的雾霾污染效应。政府科技支出存在结构不合理、使用效率较低等问题,不利于减轻本地区雾霾污染,但对地理或经济因素邻近地区形成"警示效应"。其次,受财政分权影响的政府产业结构政策调整的结果有:产业结构高级化具有"损人利己"的雾霾污染效应,即证明了"邻避主义"效应的存在;产业结构合理化不利于本地区雾霾污染问题的解决但有助于缓解邻近地区雾霾污染。在财政分权制度下以人均FDI水平衡量的政府竞争不存在"污染天堂"假说,而只考虑空间溢出效应忽略财政分权影响时,存在"污染天堂"假说。

This paper,considering the spatial spillover effect,analyzes the mechanism of local government behavior on haze pollution from the perspective of fiscal decentralization,and finds out through the spatial Dubin model(SDM)study:Firstly,the fiscal decentralization,which considers the spatial spillover and the effect decomposition,has the haze pollution effect of“people do not have selfish”.Moreover,the government s expenditure on science and technology is irrational and inefficient.It is not conducive to alleviating the haze pollution in this area,but it has a“warning effect”in the adjacent areas of geographical or economic factors.Secondly,the results of adjustment of government industrial structure policy affected by the fiscal decentralization are as follows:The high-level industrial structure has the“selfish”haze pollution effect,which proves the“shelter”effect existing;The rationalization of industrial structure is not conducive to the solution of the haze pollution in this area,but it helps to alleviate the haze pollution in the adjacent areas.Finally,the government competition,measured by per capita FDI level,does not exist the“pollution paradise”hypothesis in the context of the fiscal decentralization system,but there is a“pollution paradise”hypothesis only when considering the spatial spillover effect and neglecting the effect of fiscal decentralization.