利益视域下遗传资源权利保护的路径研究

A Study on the Path to Protect the Genetic Resources Right in the Perspective of Interests

在利益视域下,遗传资源的权利保护既包括开发利用遗传资源的利益保护,又包含持有遗传资源的利益保护,二者相辅相成,不可偏废其一。通过审视遗传资源的权益主体、来源披露制度以及追责机制等方面的法律困境,提出设立遗传资源多元复合权益主体的建议,进而从来源披露与惠益分享制度相衔接的体系建构,以及遗传资源保护责任追究机制的建立健全两个方面来统摄性思考遗传资源的开发利用利益和持有利益的整体性保护路径,以期为我国遗传资源权益保护制度提供有益借鉴。

In the perspective of interests,the protection of genetic resources right involves both protecting the benefit in developing and exploiting genetic resources and protecting the benefit in holding the genetic resources.By examining the legal difficulties in respect of the right subjects,the source disclosure system and the legal pursuit mechanism,the paper proposes to set up a multi-compound interest subject of genetic resources,and then suggests the path to give overall protection of genetic resources development and exploitation benefit as well as the holding benefits thereof by taking the following two aspects into consideration:the system construction which integrates the source disclosure and benefit sharing;and the establishment of the liability pursuit mechanism in protecting the development and exploiting genetic resources.The aim is to help constructing the genetic resources right protection systems in China.