CT检查中低X射线剂量技术的应用和进展分析

Application and Progress Analysis of Low X Ray Dosimetry Technique in CT Examination

随着我国多层螺旋CT技术的快速发展,高分辨率、亚毫米层厚扫描在临床中的应用,使得心脏与灌注的影响得到了大幅度推广应用。辐射剂量在一定程度上会使癌症发生率增加,具有较高的危害性,尤其是儿童CT扫描的癌症诱发率明显高于成人CT扫描所诱发的癌症概率。合理使用低剂量原则在CT检查中具有重要意义,但是合理使用低剂量在CT扫描中应用是一次新机遇,也是一次新挑战。因此,笔者对CT检查中低X射线剂量技术的应用与研究进展进行分析,文中阐述了设计设备系统与性能是如何优化的,解释了临床实践中放射医师如何通过不同扫描参数的选择设置,使X射线剂量降低,其中包括管电压降低、螺距增大、管电流降低等方法,也讨论了CT检查中X线低剂量实现的临床可行性,旨在为低X射线剂量技术在CT检查中推广提供参考依据。

With the rapid development of multi slice spiral CT in China,the application of high resolution and sub millimeter thickness scanning in clinical application has greatly promoted the effect of heart and perfusion.Radiation dose can increase the incidence of cancer to a certain extent,and has higher harm,especially the probability of cancer induced by CT scan in children is significantly higher than that induced by adult CT scan.Rational use of lowdose principle in CT examination is of great significance,but the rational use of low-dose in CT scanning is a new opportunity as well as a new challenge.Therefore,the author analyzed the application and research progress of low X ray dose technique in CT examination.This paper describes how the design system and performance are optimized,and explains how radiologists set up different scanning parameters in clinical practice,the X ray dose reduction,including the tube voltage decreases and the pitch increases,the decrease of tube current method,the clinical feasibility of X-ray and CT examination in low dose implementation is also discussed,aimed at low X ray dose technique in CT examination to provide reference for the promotion.