妊娠期糖尿病早期预测因素的研究进展

Research Progress of Early Predictors of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)与多种不良妊娠结局相关,严重威胁围生期母婴安全,并会对GDM母亲及其子代产生长远影响。近年来国内外对GDM的早期预测开展了大量的研究工作,以期为GDM高危妇女的早期管理和早期干预提供依据,从而降低GDM的发病率,减轻妊娠期高血糖对母婴双方的不良影响。目前研究热点集中在GDM的遗传易感基因、炎性因子、血脂和孕早期空腹血糖等方面。GDM的遗传易患性已得到越来越多研究者的肯定,众多临床研究显示GDM的发病风险与多种炎性因子密切相关,而孕早期空腹血糖、血脂等也被发现是GDM的重要预测因素。

Gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)is associated with multiple adverse pregnancy outcomes.It is a serious threat to the safety of mothers and children in the perinatal period,and will have a long-term impact on the GDM mothers and their offsprings.There has been a lot of research works on the early prediction of GDM at home and abroad in recent years.We hope to provide the basis of early management and interventions to those high-risk women with GDM,reduce the incidence of GDM,and reduce the adverse effects of hyperglycaemia on mother and baby during pregnancy.Recently,the hot spots are concentrated in the areas of GDM′s susceptibility genes,inflammatory factors,blood lipids,and fasting plasma glucose in early pregnancy etc.The genetic susceptibility of GDM has been recognized by more and more researchers.Numerous clinical studies have shown that the risk of GDM is closely related to various inflammatory factors.Early fasting blood glucose and blood lipid are also found to be important predictors of GDM.