开平市青少年视功能状况调查研究

Investigation and study on the status of visual function of young people in Kaiping

目的调查开平市青少年的视力状况,总结近视相关防控措施。方法采用简单随机抽样法选取在我院视力保健科三个体检小组进行视力检查的全市幼儿园及中小学生共76608人作为研究对象,统计分析开平市青少年的视力状况。结果视力不良总发生率为37.02%,初中学生的视力不良发生率显著高于小学和幼儿园学生,小学生的视力不良发生率又显著高于幼儿园学生(P<0.05)。幼儿园学生中,幼儿班的视力不良率最低,学前班的视力不良率最高。小学六年级学生的视力不良检出率明显高于其他年级(P<0.05)。小学年级越高,中重度视力不良比例越高。各所中学的重度视力不良发生率均显著高于轻度及中度视力不良(P<0.05)。结论开平市青少年普遍存在着视力不良情况,医院应积极采取各项近视防控措施,以改善青少年的视力状况。

Objective To investigate the eyesight status of adolescents in Kaiping City,and to summarize the relevant prevention and control measures for myopia.Methods Seventy-six thousand six hundred and eight kindergartens and primary and middle school students in the three physical examination groups in the vision health care department of our hospital were selected as the research object by simple random sampling.The visual acuity of young people in Kaiping was analyzed.Results The total incidence of poor vision was 37.02%.The incidence of poor visual acuity in junior high school students was significantly higher than that of primary and kindergarten students.The incidence of poor eyesight in primary school students was significantly higher than that of the kindergarten students(P<0.05).In the kindergarten students,the visual acuity rate of nursery classes were lowest,and the preschool classes were highest.The prevalence of poor eyesight in grade six students was significantly higher than that in other grades(P<0.05).The higher the primary school grade,the higher the proportion of moderate and severe eyesight.Severe poor eyesight rate in each high school were significantly higher than that of mild and moderate adverse visual acuity(P<0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of poor eyesight is common among adolescents in Kaiping.Hospitals should actively take myopia prevention and control measures to improve their vision.