农村教育结构变迁与收入贫困改善的系统研究

The Change of Rural Educational Structure and the Improvement of Income Poverty

教育促进了人力资本积累和收入水平提升,对个体陷入贫困概率和贫困改善具有重要且复杂的影响。本文从教育结构视角出发,基于中国社会综合调查(CGSS)数据库2006、2008、2011和2013年农村子样本,使用分解分析和回归分析探究了我国近年来农村教育结构变迁对收入贫困改善的影响。研究发现:第一,我国农村地区贫困发生率在不同受教育程度群体间存在显著不同,随着教育程度的提高贫困发生率出现明显降低;第二,教育发展与结构变迁对降低农村贫困发生率具有积极影响,但长期来看这种影响呈边际递减趋势;第三,从教育对收入的影响机制来看,工作类型、自学能力和对互联网的使用频率会影响教育对提高个体收入的作用。

The expansion of education has important and complex influence to the individual poverty and poverty improvement.This paper from the perspective of the change of rural education structural,using the decomposition and regression analysis method and Chinese General Social Survey(CGSS)data in 2006,2008,2011 and 2013 dynamically investigates the impact of rural educational structure to poverty incidence in recent years.This paper found:First,The probability of poverty in rural areas existed in different education level groups were significantly different,with the increase of poor education level,the incidence rate decreased significantly.Second,The change of education development and structural had a positive impact to reducing the rural poverty rate,but in the long term this effect was diminishing marginal trend.Third,From the mechanism,job type,self-learning ability and use of the Internet could affect the efficiency of education to improve the individual income.