当前我国居民对社会矛盾的感知与解决方式——基于全国九市的问卷调查报告

The Perception,Encounter and Resolution of Social Contradiction in Current China——Based on a Survey in Nine Cities

基于一项全国九市问卷调查发现:居民对社会矛盾发生、发展状况的基本看法较为理性;居民所遭遇的社会矛盾以经济利益类矛盾为主,呈现出多元化、城乡分化的特征;居民解决社会矛盾的制度化手段与非制度化的正向手段是主流,非制度化的负向手段则是支流;居民所遭遇的社会矛盾类型不同,其化解方式的选择有差异;依法维权是多数居民的共同意愿,且对在自己遭遇矛盾时获得帮助持乐观态度。在社会治理中,坚持依法处理与行政化解为基础,完善以社区资源为基础的"微治理"机制,积极引入社会专业力量、社会组织参与化解,强化社会调节的功能以有效应对社会矛盾。

Based on a questionnaire survey of nine cities in China,it is found that the respondents’views on the occurrence and development of social contradictions are rational.The risk of social contradictions encountered by residents is not low,mainly in economic interests,showing the characteristics of diversification,urban-rural differentiation.The institutionalized and the positive means of the non-institutionalized to solving social contradictions are the mainstream,while the negative means of the non-institutionalized are the tributaries.The different types of social contradictions encountered by people are more likely to lead to different solutions.Protecting rights according to law is the common will of most residents and they are optimistic about getting help when evolving contradictions.It is necessary to enhance social mediation mechanism.