球形弹丸超高速撞击球壳穿孔特性的数值模拟

Numerical simulation on perforation characteristics behind hypervelocity impact of spherical projectile on spherical shell

针对球形弹丸超高速撞击球壳问题,应用AUTODYN软件,采用光滑粒子流体动力学方法和Lagrange法研究球壳穿孔特性,分析了球壳曲率半径、弹丸直径和撞击速度对穿孔特性的影响。结果表明:球壳的穿孔直径随着球壳曲率半径的变化规律与弹丸撞击速度无关,而与弹丸直径和球壳曲率半径之比有关。当比值大于等于0.1时,球壳穿孔直径随着球壳曲率半径的增大而减小;当比值小于0.1时,球壳的穿孔直径近似等于与其厚度相同的直薄板的穿孔直径。球壳的穿孔直径随着弹丸直径及撞击速度的增加而增加,并与弹丸直径近似呈线性关系。穿孔孔边形态与球壳曲率半径无关,而与弹丸直径和撞击速度有关。该研究可为航天器防护设计提供参考。

This paper is an attempt to gain an insight into the perforation characteristics behind hypervelocity impact by spherical projectiles on spherical shell.The research drawing on AUTODYN software,SPH(smoothed particle hydrodynamics),and Lagrange method underscores the analysis of the effects of curvature radius of spherical shell,projectile diameter and impact velocity on perforation characteristics.The results show that the law by which perforation diameter varies with the curvature radius of the spherical shell is independent of the projectile impact velocity,but it is related to the ratio of the projectile diameter to the curvature radius of spherical shell;when the ratio is more than or equal to 0.1,the perforation diameter of the spherical shell decreases with the increase of the curvature radius of the spherical shell;when the ratio is less than 0.1,the perforation diameter of the spherical shell is approximately equal to the perforation diameter of the thin plate with the same thickness;the perforation diameter of the spherical shell increases with the increasing diameter and velocity of the projectile and has a linear relationship with the diameter of the projectile;and the shape of the perforated edge is independent of the curvature radius of spherical shell,but it is related to the diameter and the velocity of the projectile.The research could provide a reference for the design of spacecraft protection.