数字化钼靶X线在乳腺良恶性病变诊断中的应用研究

The Application of Digital Mammography in the Diagnosis of Benign and Malignant Breast Lesions

目的:研究数字化钼靶X线在乳腺良恶性病变诊断中的应用价值。方法:抽取2015年1月至2017年12月80例乳腺病变患者为研究对象,均经影像学检查、手术或穿刺细胞学检查确诊,病理结果证实前均行乳腺数字化钼靶X线检查,影像学资料完整清晰。将数字化钼靶X线检查结果与病理组织学检查结果对比,并分析良、恶性病变数字化钼靶X线表现特征。结果:本组80例患者病理诊断为乳腺良性病变者59例(73.75%),恶性病变者21例(26.25%);以病理诊断对比,数字化钼靶X线检查诊断乳腺病变的灵敏度、特异度、准确率分别为89.83%、85.71%、88.75%。与乳腺良性病变相比,恶性病变患者中数字化钼靶X线检查显示病灶≥1cm、不规则形态、边缘模糊者占比显著高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);且乳腺良性病变钙化数量少,多呈高密度和区域/弥散性分布;而恶性病变钙化数量多,多呈等密度和节段/线性分布,二者钙化数量、密度及分布特征比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:数字化钼靶X线在乳腺良恶性病变的临床诊断中具有一定价值,尤其是乳腺钙化数量、密度、分布特点可为鉴别诊断提供较大帮助。

Objective:To study the value of digital mammography in the diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions.Methods:80 patients with breast lesions who were admitted to the hospital from Jan.2015 to De.2017 were selected as the subjects.All of them were diagnosed by imaging examination,surgery or aspiration cytology.The breast digital mammography was performed before confirmation of pathological results,and the imaging data were complete and clear.The results of digital mammography were compared with those of histopathological examination,and the findings of digital mammography were analyzed.Results:Among the 80 patients,there were 59 cases(73.75%)with benign breast lesions and 21 cases(26.25%)with malignant lesions diagnosed by pathology.The sensitivity,specificity and accuracy of digital mammography in the diagnosis of breast lesions were 89.83%,85.71%and 88.75%respectively,compared with pathological diagnosis.Compared with patients with benign breast lesions,the digital mammography showed that the proportions of patients with lesions≥1cm,irregular shape and blurred edges in patients with malignant lesions were significantly higher(P<0.05).There were few calcified benign breast lesions,with high-density and regional/diffuse distribution.However,there were many calcified malignant lesions,showing equal-density and segmental/linear distribution.There was a statistically significant difference in the number,density and distribution of calcification between the two(P<0.05).Conclusion:The digital mammography is valuable in clinical diagnosis of benign and malignant breast lesions,especially the number,density and distribution characteristics of breast calcification,which can help the differential diagnosis.