不同开采方法覆岩破坏范围的实验分析

Experimental Analysis of Failure Scope of Overlying Strata by Different Mining Methods

掌握覆岩破坏范围的发育规律和发育高度对矿井水害防治和瓦斯等有毒气体防治具有重要意义。文章以兴业矿1156工作面的地质采矿条件为研究对象,采用数值模拟的方法,分析垮落法开采和充填开采后的覆岩垮落带和断裂带发育规律及高度。从实验结果可以看出,垮落法开采和充填法开采虽然采高(等效采高)连续变化,但垮落带和断裂带的高度会随着开采方法的不同出现突变。产生突变的原因是充填开采充填体对覆岩具有明显的支撑和承载作用,当等效采高和采高相同时,充填开采中断裂带和垮落带高度一定会明显小于垮落法开采。

Mastering the development law and development height of overlying rock destruction range is a great significance to mine water disaster prevention and control and gas toxic gas prevention and control.In this paper,the geological and mining conditions of the 1156 working face of Xingye mine are taken as the object of study,and the development law and height of the caving zone and fault zone are analyzed by numerical simulation after caving mining and filling mining.From the results of the experiment,it can be seen that although the mining height and the height of the fracture zone change continuously with the mining method,the caving mining method and the filling mining method can change continuously,but the height of the caving zone and the fracture zone will change with the mining method.Mutation is due to the filled body has obvious effect on the bearing support and cover rock,when the equivalent mining height and mining height at the same filling fracture zone and caving zone height will be significantly less than the caving mining method.