林纾与中国文学现代性对英国文学的跨文化选择

Lin Shu and Chinese Literary Modernity's Transcultural Selection of British Literature

本文从现代性批判角度反思林纾的英国文学翻译在中国文学现代性发轫之处发挥的独特的跨文化选择作用。这首先表征为林纾以小说文类为参照的英国文学翻译与中国现代民族文化身份建构之间的契合;其次是跨文化选择过程中围绕林纾而形成的跨文化知识提供群体对英国乃至西方文学知识的意图性选择;第三是林纾的英国文学翻译对中国现代知识群体的影响。林纾的英国文学翻译标示了一种独特的与"五四"模式背离的中国文学现代性设计——以中国文化中大众期待的文学类型为参照,以现代大学为体制性依托,建构中西语言文化系统之间创造性转化的跨文化选择机制,促成中国古典语言文化系统的重生。

This article speculates on the unique function of transcultural selection played by Lin Shu's English literature translation in the burgeoning of Chinese literary modernityfrom the perspective of modernity critique.It in the first place is manifested in the conformity between Lin Shu's reference and preference to the novel genre in his English literature translation and the making of identity in the name of modern Chinese cultural nationalism,secondly symptomized in the group of transcultural informants around Lin Shu in the process of transcultural selection and their intentional selection of English and Western literary knowledge,thirdly re-presented in the influence of Lin Shu’s English literature translation on China’s collective of modern intellectuals.Lin Shu’s English literature translation represents an alternative project of Chinese literary modernity opposite to the“May Fourth”model-with the literary genre expected by the masses in Chinese culture as the reference,purported by the modern institution of university,mobilize the transcultural selection between Western language and cultural system and that of China,realizes the rebirth of China’s classical system of language and culture.