考虑动态客流需求和大小交路模式的城市轨道交通列车开行方案优化

Optimization of Train Operation Scheme for Urban Rail Transit Considering Dynamic Passenger Demand and Full-Length &Short-Turn Routing Modes

分析乘客出行需求的时间、空间分布特征,采用4参数Logistic函数对累计客流曲线分段拟合,推导各车站在任意时间段内客流需求量的计算公式。考虑客流需求的动态特征和大小交路模式下列车发车间隔时间的特点,以减少乘客平均等待时间、提高列车平均满载率以及减少列车总走行公里数为优化目标,建立列车开行方案的多目标混合整数非线性优化模型;利用改进的NSGA-Ⅱ对模型求解,并根据模型特征设计特殊结构的编码方式。以西安地铁2号线的实际运营数据为例,对轨道交通列车开行方案进行优化。结果表明:根据动态客流需求设计非固定间隔时间的列车发车时刻表,适时采用大小列车交路运行模式得到的列车开行优化方案,可有效满足乘客和运营企业双方的利益需求。

Through the analysis of the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of passenger travel demand,the 4 parameters logistic function was used for piecewise fitting the cumulative passenger flow curve thus to derive the calculation formula of passenger demand for each stationat any time interval.With the consideration of the dynamic characteristics of passenger demand and the features of train departure time interval under full-length and short-turn routing modes,a multi-objective mixed integer nonlinear optimization model for train operation scheme was established,which aimed to reduce the average waiting time of passengers,increase the average full load rateof trains and decrease the total number of kilometers traveled by trains.An improved NSGA-II was used to solve this model,and the special coding approach wasdesigned according to model characteristics.The actual operation data of Line2 Xi an Metro was taken as an example to optimize the train operation scheme ofrail transit.Results indicate that the optimization scheme of train operationbased on the non-fixed interval of departure time with dynamic passenger demandand the timely adoption of full-length&short-turn routing modes can effectively meet the interests and needs both for passengers and operators.