面向多元发展需求的城市设计项目组织——以汉堡—威廉斯堡国际建筑展和港口新城项目为例

Project Organization of Multiple Participative Urban Design——Case Studies on Hamburg-Wilhelmsburg International Building Exhibition and Hafen-City Project

结合德国汉堡组织的威廉斯堡国际建筑展和港口新城的两个案例,本文对汉堡近年来平衡经济增长和强化社会认同的多重城市设计工作进行了总结。文章首先阐释了多元合作城市设计工作模式的内涵,同时指出西方国家城市面临经济结构调整、社会群体多元化和全球化的挑战,满足多元人群差异化需求的城市设计策略在地方政府的发展政策中占据了核心地位,国际建筑展成为发掘地方需求,推动多样性发展的重要工具。威廉斯堡在汉堡市政府支持下,通过一系列城市设计项目与当地居民加强沟通,鼓励社区实现差异化发展,重视培育居民对当地的认同感,提升环境的质量和可持续性。港口新城则在以前港口用地进行再开发的过程中,强调功能混合和强化城市多样性的目标,提出了较为灵活的城市设计原则,帮助人们在开发和施工过程中不断改进,以确保城市开发的多样性。

With two case studies in Hamburg,IBA Wilhelmsburg and Hafen-City project,this article has introduced the experiences from Hamburg,where the city government tries to balance the goals between economic growth and identity cultivation.Firstly,the author clarifies the contents of multiple participative urban design pattern and points out that western cities counter a series of challenges such as economic restructuring,diversification of social groups as well as globalization.The Internationale Bauausstellung(IBA)has been developed as important instrument for urban development.With the political support from Hamburgs government,Wilhelmsburg has implemented different urban design projects to strengthen the communication among the local residents,so that the diversified policies could be carried out,such as identity cultivation and enhancement of environmental quality and sustainability.In contrast,Haden-City project focuses on the functional mix and related diversified development pattern in the redevelopment of former harbor area.Accordingly,the organizers of urban design team concentrates on the f lexible urban design principle and provide supports and advices for the diversified urban design in the development and construction process.