生境生态系统规划--生态规划的一种途径

Biotope Ecosystem Planning——The Trend of Ecological Planning Thinking and Method

当前生态规划中,主要倚重"千层饼"生态适宜性区划和"廊道—斑块—基质"景观生态格局构建这两种方法,所建立的生态空间或局限于城市不可能发展的区域,或以不确定的迁移廊道联系景观斑块,其最大缺失是缺乏对生态过程的深层理解与预测。针对该问题,本文通过剖析不同时期生态规划思想方法对生态本体的认知广度和深度的缺失与不足,尝试拓展对生态本体认知的广度和深度,扎根于对生境这一具有"生物群落"邻里概念、能作为生态系统基本空间单元的生态本体的认知,提出以"结构控制"生境网络为手段的生境生态系统规划方法。

In the area of ecological planning,the main methods are map-overlay ecological applicability zoning and“patch-corridor-matrix”model landscape ecological pattern construction.However,the ecological space constructed by the first method is limited in the undevelopable area,the species moving corridors which connects the patches using the second method are uncertain.The most lose of the two methods is the lack of understanding and predicting the ecological process.Pointing to the problem,through reviewing the development history of ecological theory to cognize“function,process and structure”,it attempts to expand the breadth and depth of the evolution process of ecological planning thinking and method.Also,it’s found that ecological planning method must translate from“zoning manage”to“structure control”,which will improve our country’s ecological planning theory and method.