农地细碎化经营对粮食种植结构的影响--基于农业部农村固定观察点的微观实证

Impact of Farmland Fragmentation on Structure of Grain Crops: A Microcosmic Analysis Based on Rural Fixed Observation Point

基于全国农村固定观察点微观大样本数据,利用固定效应面板模型实证分析农地细碎化经营对农户粮食种植结构的影响。结果发现:与预期不一致,农地细碎化并没有削弱农户种植粮食的积极性,细碎化特征反而有助于提升粮食种植比例,这说明农地细碎化也有积极面,细碎化经营的传统小农在保障粮食安全中发挥重要作用;但细碎化对三大主粮的影响出现分化,细碎化经营有助于提升农户对水稻和玉米的种植,但对小麦种植没有显著影响。讨论认为,农地细碎化之所以能够促进粮食种植,主要是因为细碎化增加了劳作负担和生产成本,而粮食生产更适合粗放化经营,用工更少,成本更低。

Based on the microscopic large sample data of national fixed observation point,the effect of land fragmentation on the grain planting structure of farmers was analyzed by using time and regional double effect panel model.The results show that,inconsistent with what had been expected,land fragmentation did not weaken the farmers’enthusiasm to grow food,and the fragmentation of family management instead helped to increase the proportion of food cultivation.However,land fragmentation had divided impact on the production of the three staple foods has been divided,being conducive to increasing the farmers’planting of rice and corn while having no significant effect on the cultivation of wheat.Further discussions showed that fragmentation of agricultural land can promote food cultivation mainly because fragmentation increases labor burden and management difficulty,and the labor cost of food crops is even lower.Therefore,the significance of fragmentation cannot be denied,and it also shows that traditional smallholder farmers play an important role in ensuring food security.