乡村振兴战略下我国农村发展水平及耦合协调评价

Evaluation on the Level and Coupling of Countryside Development in China under the Strategy of Rural Revitalization

推进农村全面发展已成为我国缩小城乡差距、全面建成社会主义现代化强国的基石和保障。通过构建我国农村发展的人口-经济-社会-生态层次模型,应用熵值法和耦合协调度对我国农村发展水平进行动态评价。结果表明:"十一五"和"十二五"期间,受城市化发展的影响,我国农村发展总体水平虽不断提升,但总体上处于较高的耦合度和较低的协调度水平。随着农业投入不断增加,农村经济发展水平较快,但是科技进步对农村经济的贡献仍然较低。另外,劳动力转移制约了农村人口发展水平,农村社会和生态发展相对滞后。建议在"十三五"期间,特别是乡村振兴战略背景下,通过深化农村供给侧改革,优化财政支农投入结构,激活农业农村生产要素,提高农业科技进步贡献率和劳动生产率,加快农村社会发展和生态环境的治理,全面推进我国农业农村现代化。

China’s countryside remains relatively underdeveloped in the process of industrialization and urbanization.It has become the cornerstone and guarantee for China to narrow the gap between the urban and the rural areas and to build a modern socialist country in an all-round way.The dynamic evaluation of rural development level in China is carried out by constructing the population-economic-social ecological hierarchy model of rural development in China and applying entropy method and coupling coordination degree.The results show that during the period of“the eleventh five-year plan”and“the twelfth five-year plan”period,as urbanization was carried out,rural areas in China had enjoyed steady development,which was troubled by high coupling and low level of coordination degree.With the increase of agricultural input,rural economic development is relatively fast,but the contribution of scientific and technological progress to rural economy remains low.In addition,labor transfer restricts the developmentof rural population,and rural social and ecological development lags behind.During the period of“much starker choices-and graver consequences-in”,in order to comprehensively promoting the modernization of agriculture and countryside in China,it is inevitable to deepen the reform of the rural supply side,optimize the structure of financial support agriculture input,activate the rural agricultural production elements,improve agricultural science and technology progress contribution rate and labor productivity,and speed up the rural social development and ecological environmental governance.