驻村“第一书记”精准扶贫效能提升研究——以四川革命老区W市为例

The Improvement of the Efficiency of Accurate Poverty-alleviation of the “First Secretary” Resided in a Village——Taking W city of the old revolutionary bases of Sichuan as an example

驻村"第一书记"作为中央实施精准扶贫战略中的一项重要制度,是推动精准扶贫、精准脱贫和打赢扶贫攻坚战的重要抓手。根据中共中央组织部、中央农村工作领导小组办公室、国务院扶贫开发领导小组办公室印发的《关于做好选派机关优秀干部到村任第一书记工作的通知》要求,驻村"第一书记"在乡镇党委领导和指导下,紧紧依靠村党组织,带领村"两委"成员,建强基层组织、推动精准扶贫、为民办事服务、提升治理水平。驻村"第一书记"制度在宏观层面是党中央关于精准扶贫战略的顶层设计,微观层面是党的精准扶贫战略在基层的贯彻落实,驻村"第一书记"是精准扶贫、精准脱贫的一支先锋队,是攻克贫困的排头兵,其工作效能决定了能否实现全面建成小康社会的进度和实现脱贫攻坚的效度以及人民的满意度,关系党和政府在基层的公信力。四川革命老区很多县市是深度贫困地区,是脱贫攻坚的重点、难点和关键点。脱贫攻坚时间紧、难度大、任务重。以精准扶贫效能为视角,以四川革命老区W市驻村"第一书记"为个案,探讨W市驻村"第一书记"履行中央赋予的四项职责及精准扶贫效能。研究发现:多头管理交叉、交织,驻村"第一书记"后援单位实力的非均等性,不同贫困村、贫困户致贫成因问题的复杂性,驻村"第一书记"自身学历层次、专业特点、年龄、生活阅历的差异性,思维理念的局限性,工作能力的胜任力等,影响了驻村"第一书记"精准扶贫效能。据此得出研究结论:精准扶贫、精准脱贫,关键在人,要切实解决好"扶持谁、谁来扶、怎么扶、如何退的问题",必须持续提升驻村"第一书记"的精准扶贫效能,把创新驻村"第一书记"思维理念、抓好驻村"第一书记"学习培训、加强驻村"第一书记"科学考核、强化驻村"第一书记"激励保障、明确驻村"第一书记"权力清单、强化驻村"第一书记"为民服务意识作为具体解决措施,全面提升四川革命老区W市驻村"第一书记"精准扶贫效能,确保四川革命老区W市2020年实现整体脱贫,与全国人民一道迈入全面小康社会。

As an important system of the strategy of precision poverty alleviation implemented by the central government,the“first secretary”resided in a village is an important handle to promote precision poverty alleviation,precision poverty overcoming and fight against poverty.According to the requirement of The Notice of Selecting Excellent Carders of Offices to Go to Villages and Undertake the First Secretary jointly issued by Organization Department of CCCPC,the Leading Group Office of Central Rural Work,and the Leading Group Office of Poverty Alleviation and Development of State Council,the“first secretary”resided in a village,under the leadership and guidance of township CPC committee,should rely on heavily the CP organization,lead the members of village“two committees”,enhance the primary-level organization,promote accurate poverty alleviation,serve for the people,and improve the governance level.The system of the“first secretary”resided in a village is the top-level design of the CPC central committee for accurate poverty alleviation at macro-level and the implementation of the strategy at the grass-roots at micro-level.As a pioneer of accurate poverty alleviation and overcoming and a bellwether of overcoming poverty,the working efficiency of the“first secretary”resided in a village will determine the progress of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects,the validity of realizing poverty alleviation and people’s satisfaction,which is related to the credibility of the CPC and governments at the grass-roots.Many counties and cities in the old revolutionary bases of Sichuan belong to deep poverty ones,which are the key,major and difficult points of poverty alleviation with tight time,high difficulty and heavy task.From the perspective of the efficiency of accurate poverty alleviation and taking the cases of W city of Sichuan old revolutionary bases as example,this paper studies the implementation of the four responsibilities designated by the central government and the efficiency of accurate poverty alleviation of the“first secretary”resided in the villages of W city.The study finds out multiple and cross administration,non-evenness of supporting unit for the first secretary,complexity of poverty causes in different villages and households,differences of schooling,major,age and life experience,limit of way of thinking and competency of working of the“first secretary”etc.affect the efficiency of accurate poverty alleviation.Based on the study,conclusion is drawn:the key of accurate poverty alleviation is human being.We should solve the problems of“who is supported?Who will carry out the support?How can the support be made and how should we withdraw from the support?”The efficiency of accurate poverty alleviation of the“first secretary”resided in a village should be continuously enhanced.To innovate his/her way of thinking,enhance his/her study and training,promote his/her scientific assessment,enhance the stimulation for him/her,clarify his/her right list and enhance the service idea of the first secretary resided in a village should be the specific measures to fully improve the efficiency of accurate poverty alleviation in W city of Sichuan old revolutionary bases and ensure W city to realize overall poverty alleviation in 2020 and enter a well-off society in an all-round way with the national people.