桥梁结构振动试验相似模型的设计及校验

Design and validation of similarity model in bridge structural vibration tests

以32 m简支箱梁桥为原型,以10∶1为几何缩尺比,设计制作了简支箱梁桥模型。依据弹性力相似律推导了原型桥与模型桥间的相似关系,在以桥梁结构振动为研究目的的情况下,通过有限元数值分析以及试验研究两种方式,探讨了该相似关系在原型桥与模型桥间是否适用。研究结果表明:有限元数值分析得到的原型桥与模型桥间各物理量比尺与理论推导各物理量比尺基本吻合;桥梁相似模型实测数据与有限元数值分析数据存在差异,但整体上大致吻合;依据弹性力相似律推导的相似关系在原型桥与模型桥间适用,但对于复杂桥梁结构模型还需做进一步的验证。

The similarity model of a simply supported box-girder bridge with span of 32 m was designed and made with the scale of 1∶10.Based on the similarity law of elastic force,the similarity relation between the original bridge and the model bridge was derived.Taking the vibration of bridge structure as the study objective,the applicability of the similarity relation between the original bridge and the model bridge was discussed through the finite element(FE)numerical analysis and test study.The results showed that all physical quantities’scales between the original bridge and the model bridge obtained using the FE numerical analysis are basically consistent with those gained using theoretical deduction;there are differences between the measured data and those of the FE numerical analysis for the model bridge,but as a whole,both of them are roughly consistent;the similarity relation derived based on the similarity law of elastic force is applicable between the original bridge and the model bridge,however,it is needed to further verify if this relation is applicable for complex bridge structures.