地理空间的流动与人物心理状态的关系研究——以福克纳《八月之光》中的克里斯默斯为例

On the Relationship between Geographical Spaces and Character's Psychological Condition:A Case Study of Joe Christmas in Faulkner's Light in August

在现代主义叙事文本中,地理空间超越了只为人物提供活动空间和为事件提供背景的传统局限性;建构地理空间成为观照人物心理状态的最佳途径之一。在福克纳长篇小说《八月之光》里,主要人物克里斯默斯所处的地理空间具有明显的流动性特征。这些流动性的地理空间利用片段性的叙事形式把克里斯默斯的"分裂"与"绝望"等心理状态一步步形象地刻画出来,表达了克里斯默斯在抗争个人命运的悲剧中承载着来自于种族、性别、宗教三个维度的巨大创伤。地理空间在不断的流动性中呈现出的差异性建构表现出作者福克纳对美国南方敏锐的地理感知及其悲剧意识,引发了对人类精神危机的深入思考。地理空间与心理状态的相辅相成实现了福克纳小说创作的形式与内容的完美统一,人物内心的形象刻画无疑提升了地理空间的审美意义。

In modern narrative texts,geographical spaces are constructed to investigate characters inner world,which go beyond the traditional function as a setting or background.In Faulkner s Light in August,the geographical spaces which the main character Christmas is involved possess kind of characteristic of high mobility.These mobile spaces vividly illustrate Christmas psychological conditions such as split and desperation in fragmentary narrative pace,and expose his great trauma from racial,gender and religious contradictions during his short life.The differential construction in mobile geographical spaces demonstrates Faulkner s sharp geographical awareness about American Southern society and its tragic traits.Faulkner s innovation in space construction provokes deep thoughts about human s mental crisis.The complementary interaction between geographical spaces and psychological descriptions unifies the form and content in Faulkner s fiction;thus,the aesthetic significance of geographical space is leveled up owing to the successful description of Christmas psychological condition.