马克思主义“中心外围论”视角下的国际产品内分工研究

Study on the international intra-product specialization from the perspective of center-periphery theory of Marxism

随着经济全球化的发展,由发达资本主义国家主导的、以跨国公司为主要载体的国际分工和全球价值链逐渐形成,世界体系出现了发达和不发达同时并存的南北格局。马克思主义经济学家将世界经济体系分为发达的资本主义"中心"和不发达的"外围",运用"中心-外围"和"经济剩余"等经济范畴辩证地分析国际分工格局。在马克思主义"中心外围"视角下,国际产品内分工格局中的资本主义中心国家掌握核心技术,占据全球价值链的高附加值环节;而不发达的外围国家只能被动地切入全球价值链的低附加值环节,利润分享不平衡。因此,外围国家必须积极进行技术创新,摆脱依附型发展,更公平地分享利用国际产品内分工优势创造的经济剩余,实现向全球价值链的中高端跃进。

With the development of economic globalization,the international division of labor and global value chain has formed,which is dominated by the developed capitalist countries and takes the multinational corporations as the main carriers,and the world system becomes the unbalanced development pattern.According to the phenomenon of polarization between developed countries and developing countries,the world economic system is divided into the“center”and the“periphery”by the Marxian,and they use the economic surplus and other economic categories to analyze the current situation of international division of labor.In the international intra-product specialization,capitalist countries have mastered core technologies and occupied high value-added links in the global value chain;underdeveloped peripheral countries can only engage in low-value-added links in global value chains,so the profit sharing is uneven.Therefore,peripheral countries must actively carry out technological innovation,get rid of dependent development,share profits more equitably,and achieve a leap forward to the global high-end value chain.