基于食物交换份法的饮食指导卡在糖尿病患者中的应用研究

A Study on the Application of the Diet Instruction Card Based on the Food Exchange Method in Diabetic Patients

目的探讨基于食物交换份法的饮食指导卡在糖尿病患者中的应用效果。方法选取2016年1月至2017年6月四川省肿瘤医院收治的2型糖尿病患者80例作为研究对象,将患者随机分为对照组和试验组,每组各40例,对照组给予常规饮食指导,试验组在对照组的基础上给予基于食物交换份法的饮食指导卡进行指导。两组患者均通过小组授课教育和"一对一"的个体化指导方式。观察两组患者的体质指数(BMI)、血糖代谢指标[空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2小时血糖(2hPG)及糖化血红蛋白(HbAlc)]和血脂的改变,于饮食指导后3个月进行效果评价。结果饮食指导前,两组患者BMI、FPG、2hPG、HbAlc及血脂差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);饮食指导后,两组患者BMI、FPG、2hPG、HbAlc及血脂均有所降低,且试验组降低更明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论使用基于食物交换份法的饮食指导卡能够有效控制糖尿病患者的血糖代谢指标。

Objective To investigate the application effect of the dietary instruction card based on the food exchange method in diabetic patients.Methods 80 cases with type 2 diabetes mellitus treated from January of 2016 to June of 2017 in Sichuan Cancer Hospital were selected as the research objects and divided randomly into the control group and experiment group,and each group consisted of 40 cases.The control group was given the conventional diet instruction,while the experiment group was given the additional guidance according to the dietary instruction card based on the food exchange method besides the conventional diet instruction,and they were given the guidance by ways of the group instruction and one-to-one individualized instruction.Both groups were observed to detect the changes of the indexes including body mass index(BMI),blood glucose metabolism indexes,fasting blood glucose(FBG),2-hour postprandial blood glucose(2 hPG)and glycosylated hemoglobin(HbAlc),and blood lipid.The application effect was assessed 3 months after the dietary guidance.Results There were no significant differences between the two groups in BMI,FBG,2 hPG,HbAlc and blood lipid before the dietary instruction(P>0.05).The levels of BMI,FBG,2hPG,HbAlc and blood lipid in both groups were reduced and the reduction of those indexes was more significant in the experiment group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The dietary instruction card based on the food exchange method can effectively control the blood glucose metabolism index of diabetic patients.