系统化护理干预模式对脑梗死患者肢体功能和生存质量的影响

Effect of Systematic Nursing Intervention on Limb Function and Quality of Life in Patients with Cerebral Infarction

目的:观察系统化护理干预模式对脑梗死患者的满意度,以及其对肢体功能和生存质量的影响。方法:选择2015年1月-2016年12月在笔者所在医院就诊的急性脑梗死患者120例,随机将其分为观察组和对照组,每组60例。对照组予以常规护理,观察组在对照组的基础上予以系统化护理干预模式。观察并比较两组患者的满意度、住院时间、家属焦虑评分和并发症发生率,以及干预前后Fugl-Meyer运动功能积分(FMA)、日常生活能力量表(ADL)评分、美国国立卫生院神经功能缺损评分(NIHSS)、生活质量评分。结果:观察组的满意度为98.33%,明显优于对照组的81.67%,差异有统计学意义(字2=7.500,P<0.05)。干预后,观察组的住院时间短于对照组,家属焦虑评分,以及坠积性肺炎、泌尿系统感染、便秘等发生率低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(t=3.084、9.910,字2=8.726、5.841、6.735,P<0.01)。干预后,两组患者的FMA、ADL,以及生理领域、心理领域、社会领域和环境领域评分明显高于干预前(P<0.01),NIHSS评分明显低于干预前,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.01);且观察组各指标评分均优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(t=5.587、5.303、7.423、7.916、7.262、8.830、6.709,P<0.01)。结论:系统化护理干预模式能够明显促进脑梗死患者肢体功能的恢复,提高生存质量,减少并发症,提高满意度。

Objective:To observe the effect of systematic nursing intervention on the satisfaction rate in patients with cerebral infarction and the impact on limb function and quality of life.Method:A total of 120 patients with acute cerebral infarction from January 2015 to December 2016 were selected and randomly divided into observation group and control group,60 cases in each group.The control group was treated with routine nursing,and the observation group was treated with systematically nursing intervention mode based on the control group.The Fugl-Meyer motor function score(FMA),the daily living ability scale(ADL)score,the National Institute of Health stroke scale(NIHSS)and quality of life score were observed before and after intervention.The satisfaction rate,hospitalization time,family anxiety score and complication rate were observed after intervention.Result:The satisfaction rate was 98.33%in observation group,which was significantly better than 81.67%in control group(X2=7.500,P<0.05).The hospitalization time was shorter,family anxiety score,hypostatic pneumonia rate,urinary tract infection rate and constipation rate were significantly lower than those in control group(t=3.084,9.910,X2=8.726,5.841,6.735,P<0.01).After intervention,the scores of FMA,ADL,physiology field,psychological field,social field and environment field higher than those before intervention(P<0.01),the NIHSS score was significantly lower than that before the intervention(P<0.01);and the indexes in observation group were better than those in control group,the differences were statistically significant(t=5.587,5.303,7.423,7.916,7.262,8.830,6.709,P<0.01).Conclusion:The systematic nursing intervention can significantly improve the recovery of limb function and improve the quality of life,reduce the complication and improve the satisfaction in patients with cerebral infarction.