疟疾的固有免疫调节机制相关研究进展

Research progress of regulation mechanism of innate immunity in malaria

疟疾是一类对人类健康构成严重威胁的传染病,而疟原虫是其致病体。机体对包括疟原虫在内的外来抗原产生的免疫可分为固有免疫和适应性免疫,其中,固有免疫是一类非特异性的免疫反应,单核巨噬细胞、自然杀伤细胞(NK)、树突状细胞(DC)、γδT细胞、细胞因子等为固有免疫的重要组成部分,并与适应性免疫联动,有效抵抗机体疟原虫感染。同时,自噬不仅是细胞内自我降解的过程,也参与调节免疫系统功能,并对抗原虫感染。因此,相应免疫机制的阐述,可以为防治疟疾的相关药物、疫苗研发及临床治疗提供有效帮助。该文就疟疾中固有免疫的构成及其调节机制和相关治疗靶点研究进展进行综述。

Malaria is a kind of disease detrimental to human health and plasmodium is a critical pathogen in it.The immunity against foreign antigens including plasmodium could be divided into two categories,namely,adaptive immunity and innate immunity.Innate immunity induces non-specific immune response,and is composed of monocyte,macrophage,γδT cell,DC,NK,and cytokines etc.Innate immunity cooperates with adaptive immunity efficiently to protect against malaria.Meanwhile,autophagy is not only the cellular degrading process,but also gets involved in regulating immune system and defending against plasmodium infection.Therefore,elucidation of corresponding mechanism could provide proof for efficiently controlling and curing malaria,developing related medicine and vaccine,and clinical treatment as well.This article reviews the constitution of innate immunity in malaria,related regulation mechanism and relevant therapeutic targets for it.