对称交互熵多属性决策排序法在温室番茄综合生产效果评价中的应用

The Application of Symmetric Cross-entropy Multi-attribute Decision Sorting Method in the Evaluation of Comprehensive Productivities of Tomato in Greenhouse

为探究深埋秸秆量和土壤水分对作物产量、品质和水分利用效率等生产效果的影响,于2016年对温室番茄进行了小区试验。设置4种秸秆量(0,1.5×10~4,3.0×10~4,4.5×10~4kg·hm^(-2))和4种灌水下限(田间持水量的50%,60%,70%,80%)。选取反映温室番茄综合生产效果的6个相关指标,利用对称交互熵多属性决策排序法,对温室番茄综合生产效果进行评价。结果表明:对称交互熵多属性决策排序法可以用于多指标、多方案的深埋秸秆量和土壤水分管理评价,在评价中指标的选取及正理想解向量和负理想解向量的确定是影响评价结果的关键因素。通过对温室番茄综合生产效果的评价,确定该试验条件下最佳管理模式为T9处理,秸秆量为4.5×10~4kg·hm^(-2),灌水下限为田间持水量的80%;其次是T2处理,秸秆量为1.5×10~4kg·hm^(-2),灌水下限为田间持水量的50%;评价结果最差的管理模式是T16处理,秸秆量为0,灌水下限为田间持水量的70%;其次是T15处理,秸秆量为0,灌水下限为田间持水量的60%。深埋秸秆在番茄生长过程中具有一定的保水功能,并不是灌水下限越高作物的品质越优,综合生产效果越理想。为提高果实的品质需要进行适当的水分亏缺灌溉,协调灌水量和品质之间的平衡点。对称交互熵多属性决策排序法克服了TOPSIS等评价方法的不足,计算简便,结果可靠,适用性强,为合理地深埋秸秆量和土壤水分管理提供科学依据,也可以推广到其他多指标、多方案的农业生产实践决策问题中。

Plot experiment in greenhouse was set up to explore the effect of straw deep returning and soil moisture on tomato yield,quality and water use efficiency in 2016.Four kinds of straw quantities(0,1.5×104,3.0×104,4.5×104 kg·hm-2)and 4 irrigation limits of field capacity(50%,60%,70%,80%)were arranged.Six related evaluation indices were selected to appraise the comprehensive production effects of tomato in greenhouse.The symmetrical cross-entropy multi-attribute decision sorting method was introduced to study the coupling effects between the deeply buried straw amounts and lower irrigation limits.The results showed that the symmetrical cross-entropy multi-attribute decision sorting method could be used to evaluate the related indices of greenhouse tomato under the condition of different deeply buried straw amounts and lower irrigation limits.The selection on indices and the determination of the positive and negative vector of the ideal solution were the key factors closely related to analysis results.By the evaluation of the comprehensive production effects of tomato in greenhouse,the treatment(T9)which the amount of straw application was 4.5×104 kg·hm-2 and the irrigation low limit was 80%of field capacity was the optimum.The treatment(T2)which the amount of straw application was 1.5×104 kg·hm-2 and the irrigation low limit was 50%of field capacity was suboptimal.The treatment(T16)which the amount of straw yield was 0 and the irrigation low limit was 70%of field capacity was the worst.The deep straw application had certain water holding effect during growth process of tomato.The larger irrigation lower limit did not mean the superior quality of the crops and good comprehensive production effect.In order to improve the quality of fruit,appropriate water deficit irrigation should be carried out to balance between the irrigation amount and the quality of fruit.The symmetrical cross-entropy multi-attribute decision sorting method overcomes the shortcomings of TOPSIS and other evaluation methods.This method is simple and objective,and has strong applicability.In addition,the method can also be extended to other multi index and multi scheme agricultural production practice decision.