《坛经》中“即心即佛”的理论及其对宋明理学的影响

Theory of “Heart Being Buddha” in Platform-sutra and Its Influence on Neo-Confucianism

佛教从印度传入中国后,受到了中国传统儒家的影响,经历了中国化的过程,禅宗是佛教中国化的重要产物。心性佛性论是禅宗思想的核心,其在发展的过程中无疑也受到了儒家思想的影响,表现为从强调"出世",追求彼岸的幸福生活;到逐渐开始关注"现世",重视当下人的现实生活。而慧能《坛经》中"即心即佛"的思想正是在继承佛教基本教义的基础上佛教中国化最典型的产物,具有丰富而独特的思想内涵。到了宋明时期,宋明理学吸收《坛经》中"即心即佛"的思想、心性本体论思想和修行工夫,使儒家学说实现了自我转化和自我突破;同时,佛教也进一步融入中国传统文化之中,成为中国传统文化的一部分,中国传统哲学也出现了重大的转折。

After Buddhism were spread from India to China,it was influenced by Chinese traditional Confucianism and experienced the process of Chineseization.Mindfulness Buddhism theory is the core of Zen Buddhism.It is undoubtedly influenced by Confucianism in the process of its development.From emphasizing“birth”to pursuing a happy life on the other side,it gradually begins to pay attention to“the present age”and pay attention to the real life of present people.The thought of“Heart is Buddha”in the Platform-sutra of Hui-eng is the most typical product of Buddhism in China based on the basic teachings of Buddhism.It has rich and unique connotation.By the Song and Ming dynasties,Neo-Confucianism absorbed“Heart is Buddha”thought,mind-centered ontology thought and practice from Platform-sutra,so Confucianism realized self-transformation and self-breakthrough;at the same time,Buddhism was further integrated into Chinese tradition Culture and became part of Chinese traditional culture.There has also been a major turning point in Chinese traditional philosophy.