论法国启蒙运动的本质——单向启蒙

On Essence of French Enlightenment Movement:Uniderection Enlightenment

宗教迷信和封建制度是十八世纪法国启蒙运动的现实敌人。因此,启蒙哲人将人民引为同盟,致力于启迪民智,促进人民对理性的自由运用。但启蒙哲人囿于对理性的专断权,将自身视为绝对的启蒙主体,将人民视为绝对的启蒙客体,故而无法实现二者的智识互启。此即十八世纪法国启蒙思想的本质——单向启蒙。而这一本质的潜在背景是资本主义意识形态的兴起。

The realistic enemy of the Enlightenment of France in Eighth century are superstition and feudalism.Therefore,the philosophers are devote themselves to promoting the people.However,they consider themselves the only subject who can enlighten other,and ignore the potentiality of people,that is the essence of the Enlightenment of France--Uniderection Enlightenment,its background is the rising trend of the ideology of the capitalism.