环境司法审判“特性”的实证研究——以163份裁判文书为分析样本

The Empirical Study on the Characteristics of Environmental Justice——For the Analysis Samples of 163 Judgment Documents

环境司法是生态环境保护的重要组成部分,也是国家环境治理体系的重要环节,环境法目前正被大大小小的、不可预见的环境诉讼向前推进。基于案件来源、污染物种类、侵权类型以及胜诉率等研究方向,对163份环境污染司法判决书进行统计分析,结果表明:各省份环境污染案件数量与经济发展总量之间呈显著正相关;水污染是环境司法审判中的首要污染物;而对财产权的侵犯仍是提起环境侵权诉讼的主要原因;另外司法鉴定与胜诉率之间没有相关性。环境司法审判"特性"对于加强环境执法、完善环境立法、督促环境守法有着重要的影响力。

Environmental justice is an important part of ecological environment protection and an important part of national environmental governance system.Environmental law is currently being pushed forward by large and small unpredictable environmental litigation.Based on the sources of the cases,types of pollutants,type of infringement and prevalence rate,statistical analysis of the 163 judgments on environmental pollution shows that:(a)There is a significant positive correlation between the number of environmental pollution cases in each province and the total economic development.(b)Water pollution is the primary pollutant in environmental justice.(c)Property rights violations are still the main reason for instituting environmental infringement litigation.(d)In addition,there is no correlation between judicial appraisal and the prevalence rate.The characteristics of environmental judicial trial have an important influence on enforcing environmental law enforcement,perfecting environmental legislation and supervising environmental compliance.