《资治通鉴》元嘉元年“涿郡举崔寔”校证

Correction of the Event of “Recommending Cui Shi by Zhuo County” in the First Year of Yuan Jia Dynasty Kept in Zi Zhi Tong Jian

《后汉纪》记载汉桓帝元嘉元年诏举独行之士,安平崔寔郡举诣公车,称病不对,退而论世事。《资治通鉴》采用了《后汉纪》的记载,又具体为?涿郡举崔寔?。笔者质疑《后汉纪》元嘉元年的时间和《资治通鉴》的?涿郡举崔寔?事件。从探讨具体与笼统的?桓帝初?入手,比较各书记载,认为汉桓帝诏举至孝独行之士的时间当为建和元年四月庚寅。从安平县由隶属于涿郡改为隶属于乐成(安平)国、两汉察举有名额限制、郡国守相举荐的孝廉等人多是具有本郡国籍贯、著籍于本郡国者等方面考察,不可能有?涿郡举崔寔?事件。《资治通鉴》致误的原因,在于未注意行政区划的变更会影响历史人物的籍贯,在于误解了?郡举?的含义,?郡举?并非只指郡太守举荐孝廉等,也包括王国相的举荐。

It says in Hou Han Ji that Emperor Huan of Han dynasty recruited talents with unique ways of doing things in the first year of Yuan Jia dynasty. Cui Shi was recommended to come near to the Emperor's bus, yet he said he was sick and didn't answer the question, while talked about the current events. And in Zii Zhi Tong Jian, it adopted the records of it kept in Hou Han Ji and concretized it as "Recommending Cui Shi by Zhuo County". The author of this paper puts the recording time of the first year of Yuan Jia dynasty and the event of "Recommending Cui Shi by Zhuo County" in Zi Zhi Tong Jian in question. Beginning with the discussion of the concrete and general “early emperor Huan”,and comparing the records kept in different books, it is believed that the time of recruiting by Emperor Huan is April of the first year of Jianhe. In studying the records of Anping which first belonged to Zhuo County and then to the state of Luocheng (Anping), the quota in the system of selecting talents in the two Hans dynasties was restricted, and Xiaolian and others recommended by the county government were mostly with native county nationalities, it draws that there can not be the event of "Recommending Cui Shi by Zhuo County". The reasons for the error in Zi Zhi Tong Jian are the failure of noticing the changes in administrative divisions which affect the origin of the historical figures and the misunderstanding of the meaning of “County's recommendation of talents” and which not only refers to the county chiefs' recommendation of Xiaolian, etc. but includes that of the emperor and court officials as well.