红河州暴雨时空分布特征分析

ANALYSIS OF THE TEMPORAL AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF RAINSTORM IN HONGHE PREFECTURE

基于云南省红河州13个气象观测站1961~2010年逐日降水资料,使用Morlet小波分析等方法分析了红河州暴雨时空分布特征以及暴雨与降雨极值、降水量等的关系。结果表明:红河州暴雨日数和年暴雨雨量自北向南增多,单点暴雨最多,占69%,主要出现在南部地区;红河州大部分站点20世纪80年代后期暴雨日数、站次数和暴雨量都有增多的趋势;红河州全年均有暴雨发生,1月、2月最少,6月、7月最多;年暴雨雨量存在着3~7 a、5~11 a、8~17 a的周期变化规律,各县市以3年左右的小周期最具有普遍性;暴雨极值大多出现在5~9月份,年暴雨量与年雨量的丰-枯变化趋势一致。

The characteristics of the temporal and spatial of rainstorm in Honghe Prefecture were statistically analyzed based on observed data from 1961 to 2010 with Molet wavelet method.The results show that:the rainstorm days and precipitation increased from north to south,the single rainstorm appeared most for 69%;the rainstorm days、frequency and precipitation from the late 80s had a increased trend;rainstorms appeared all year round,January and February were the least,June and July were the most;the precipitation have 3~7 years,5~11 years and 8~17 years periodic oscil