唐代代北风俗探微

An Exploration of Daibei Customs in the Tang Dynasty

代北因特殊的地理位置而风俗与众不同。春秋战国以降,代北就是游牧民族与汉族混合聚居地区,到了唐代,代北更是作为防御北方游牧部落南下的第一道防线、军事战略要地,毗邻突厥、契丹、奚等少数民族。在长期胡俗戎风的浸染下,代北民风剽悍,气俗尚武,贪婪慕利,狡黠多叛,唐代开放的社会环境使得代北在家庭生活与宗教信仰上表现出婚姻自由、盛蓄假子、佛教盛行、嗜饮茶酒等习俗,从而形成了代北风俗的时代性、地域性与民族性特点。

In Tang Dynasty,Daibei had exceptional customs because of its unique geographical location.Since the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States,Daibei was the mixed habitation of the nomads and the Hans.In Tang Dynasty,it became the first line of defense against the northern nomadic tribes and had great place in military strategy,adjacent to the Turks,Qidan and Xi.Under the long-term influence of northern and western custom and warring habit,the folk custom in Daibei inclined to be valiant,war like,greedy,cunning and rebellious.The liberal social environment of Tang Dynasty endowed Daibei people,in terms of family and religion,with great freedom in the choice of marriage,keeping more adopted children,Buddhism worship,and addiction to tea and wine drinking.All these made the Daibei custom characteristic of the time,place and ethnic groups.