双元独占策略对R&D联盟形成决策的影响

Research on the Influence of Ambidextrous Appropriability Strategies on R&D Alliance Formation Decisions

R&D联盟有利于促进企业间知识交流,却易产生非预期的知识泄漏、创新模仿和机会主义等风险,因此在R&D联盟形成中考虑企业独占策略的影响至关重要。从联盟治理结构和联盟范围入手,探索双元独占策略对R&D联盟形成决策的影响,并讨论联盟经验的调节作用。结合来自电子信息、生物制药、机械制造和软件等行业208份问卷的调查数据,进行实证分析。结果显示,强调原发性独占策略的企业更倾向选择非股权联盟治理结构,强调生成性独占策略的企业更倾向选择股权联盟治理结构;原发性独占程度越高,企业越倾向选择更广泛的联盟范围;生成性独占程度越高,企业越倾向选择更狭小的联盟范围。另外,联盟经验对企业独占策略与R&D联盟治理结构的关系,以及企业独占策略与联盟范围的关系均存在显著的不同调节作用。

R&D Alliance can promote knowledge exchange between enterprises,but it also brings the risks of unintended knowledge leakage,innovation imitation and opportunism,etc.So it is very important to consider the influence of the enterprise appropriability strategy in the formation of R&D Alliance.From alliance governance structure and alliance scope,we explore ambidextrous appropriability strategy on the formation decisions of R&D Alliance,and discuss the moderate effect of the alliance experience.In electronic information,bio-pharmaceutical,machinery manufacturing,software industries,etc.,208 copies of valid data are obtained through the questionnaire survey.Empirical results find enterprises who focus on primary appropriability strategy are more inclined to choose the non-equity governance structure,and enterprises who focus on generative appropriability strategy are more inclined to choose the equity alliance governance structure.The higher primary appropriability,the broader scope of the alliance would be chosen;the higher generative appropriability,the narrower alliance.Moreover,alliance experience significantly moderates the relationship between enterprise appropriability strategy and R&D alliance governance structure,and also significantly moderates the relationship between enterprise appropriability strategy and R&D alliance scope,but their moderate effects are different.