母乳喂养计划干预对实现产后3 d纯母乳喂养的影响

The effects of breast-feeding plan intervention on postpartum 3-day pure breast feeding

目的探讨母乳喂养计划干预对实现产后3 d纯母乳喂养的影响,为临床有效开展母乳喂养提供依据。方法选择2016年2~5月经阴道分娩的正常足月儿及其母亲76对为研究对象,按随机数字表分为观察组和对照组,每组38对母婴,对照组产妇接受常规母乳喂养护理;观察组在对照组基础上针对产妇产后3d母乳喂养困难的常见原因,采取相应的护理对策,制定相应的母乳喂养计划干预,包括讲解产后初期母乳的分泌的特点、规范产时"三早"流程、推荐半躺式式喂养、通过自行设计的"母乳日志"表格,教会产妇学会正确评估新生儿等。记录2组新生儿首次有效吸吮时间距离分娩时间,产后1 d、2 d、3 d母乳喂养次数,产妇乳头疼痛、皲裂和乳胀发生率以及母乳喂养知识掌握率和产后3 d、42 d纯母乳喂养率。对照数据进行整理分析,产后72 h进行评价。结果观察组新生儿首次有效吸吮时间距离分娩时间短,新生儿产后1 d、2 d、3 d母乳喂养平均次数增多,较对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。观察组产妇乳头疼痛、皲裂和乳胀发生率低,较对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。观察组产妇母乳喂养知识掌握率和新生儿产后3 d、42 d纯母乳喂养率高,较对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论母乳喂养计划干预是是针对产后3 d健康足月儿实施的一组简单、明确、高效且操作性强的护理方案,值得临床推广。

Objective To observe the effects of breast-feeding paln intervention on postpartum 3-day pure breast feeding,and to provide evidence for carrying out effectively breast-feeding in clinic.Methods A total of 76 pairs of nonml term infants and their mothers who underwent vaginal delivery in our hospital from February 2016 to May 2106 were divided into observation group(38 pairs)and control group(38 pairs)according to random digital table.The subjects in control group were given regular breast-feeding,however,the subjects in observation group,on the basis of control group,were treated by corresponding nursing measures including explaining the characteristics of breastfeeding during the early postpartum period,regulating the“three early”process of production,recommending biological breeding,teaching mothers to evaluate newborns correctly through self-designed“breast feeding diary”form.The time from first effective sucking to delivery,the frequency of breast-feeding at 1d,2d,3d after childbirth,the incidence rates of nipple pain,chapped and breast inflation,the breastfeeding knowledge mastering rate and breast feeding rates at 3d,42d after childbirth were observed and compared between two groups.Results The time from first effective sucking to delivery in observation group was shorter than that in control group,and the average numbers of breast feeding at 1d,2d,3d after childbirth were significantly increased in observation group(P<0.01).Moreover,the incidence rates of nipple pain,chapped and breast inflation in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.01).In addition the breastfeeding knowledge mastering rate and pure breast feeding rates at 3d,42d after childbirth in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.01).Conclusion The plan intervention of breast-feeding is a simple,clear,effective nursing scheme,with good operability,thus,which is worthy of clinical popularization.