妇产科患者术后感染的相关因素及其护理措施分析

Risk factors of infection and nursing interventions in the department of gynecology and obstetrics

目的探究妇产科患者术后护理过程中引发感染的相关风险因素,并探讨有效的护理措施。方法回顾性分析2012年3月—2016年6月甘肃省天祝藏族自治县藏医院妇产科收治460例患者的临床资料,统计所有患者发生感染的情况(是否存在感染以及感染发生的部位),分析引起感染发生的相关风险因素,并据此制定有效的护理措施。结果经分析发现,在460例妇产科手术患者中,发生术后感染的患者共有26例,感染率为5.65%,对比发现产科患者术后感染率稍低于妇科患者;妇产科患者术后发生感染的主要部位为呼吸系统,其感染率为46.15%,其次为泌尿系统、胃肠、宫腔和切口感染;年龄<40岁的患者术后感染率低,共有3例患者发生感染,感染率为11.54%,感染率会随着年龄的增加而呈上升趋势。结论妇产科患者术后感染率较高,呼吸系统是主要的感染部位,患者年龄也是引起感染的一个重要的风险因素,因此在临床护理过程中必须规范护理人员的操作,并进行针对性的护理,以减少患者感染的发生。

Objective To explore the infection-related risk factors and the corresponding nursing methods in the department of gynecology and obstetrics.Methods The clinical data of 460 cases enrolled during March 2012 and June 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.The occurrence of infection was counted and the related risk factors were analyzed with SPSS 21.0 software.Results Postoperative infection occurred in 26 cases(5.65%),and the incidence was slightly lower in the department of obstetrics than in the department of gynecology.Infection of the respiratory tract was the most common,accounting for 46.15%of all infected cases,followed by infection of urinary system,gastrointestinal system,uterine cavity and incision.Patients aged<40 years had the lowest incidence of infection(11.54%).Elderly patients tended to have higher incidence of infection.Conclusion The incidence of infection is high among patients treated in the department of obstetrics and gynecology.The respiratory system is the main site of infection.Age is also an important risk factor of infection.The clinical nursing must be standardized and humanized to reduce the incidence of infection.