不同深松处理对东北盐碱土耕层结构及玉米产量的影响

Effects of Different Deep Loosening Treatments on the Layer Structure and Yield of Maize in Saline Alkali Soil of Northeast China

为进一步改良黑龙江省西部苏打碱土与构建合理耕层,采用秋深松30cm、秋深松40cm、春深松30cm、春深松40cm共4种深松处理,分别在播种前、开花期、成熟期测定0~50cm土壤耕层的含水量、容重等指标及玉米产量性状指标,探讨不同深松处理对盐碱土耕层结构的影响。结果表明:深松处理能够提高各耕层的土壤含水量,降低土壤耕层容重,而且深松效果秋深松>春深松,深松40cm>深松30cm。增产幅度秋深松>春深松,秋深松40cm>秋深松30cm,春深松30cm>春深松40cm。由此得出,深松处理能够有效地降低盐碱土中低产田耕层土壤容重,改善土壤耕层结构,提高耕层土壤含水量,构建适合作物生长的合理耕层,有利于玉米产量的提高。

In order to further improve the soda alkaline soil in western Heilongjiang province and construct the reasonable arable layer,using four kinds of deep loosening treatments,included for autumn deep loosening 30 cm,autumn deep loosening 40 cm,spring deep loosening 30 cm and spring deep loosening 40 cm,the indexes of water content and bulk density of 0-50 cm soil plough layer were measured before sowing,flowering stage and mature stage,respectively.The results showed that,deep loosening treatment could increase the soil moisture content of the arable layer and reduce the bulk density of the soil;And the effect of autumn deep loosening was better than that of spring,deep loosening 40 cm was better than that of 30 cm;The yield increase of autumn deep loosening was better than that of spring,autumn deep 40 cm loosening was better than that of 30 cm,spring deep loosening 30 cm was better than that of 40 cm.Deep loosening treatments could effectively reduce soil bulk density,improve soil plough layer structure,improve soil moisture content,and build reasonable plowing layer suitable for crop growth,which is conducive to maize yield improvement.