单葶草石斛特征特性和茎评价研究

Study On Dendrobium porphyrochilum

为研究单葶草石斛生物学特性,掌握其生长规律,评价其开发利用价值。观察了其植物学特征、生物学习性和产量性状,对茎的商业价值进行评价。结果表明:单葶草石斛根绒状、细弱;茎短、单茎重0.14~0.72g,产量42~216g·m^(-2),252~1 296kg·hm^(-2);茎折干率17.06%,粗灰分4.22%,多糖33.87%,钙0.851%,镁0.016%,全氮0.879%,磷0.264%。鲜品和干品(枫斗)口感评价优,干花可作花茶。市场上主要用于鲜吃和枫斗加工。目前人工种植单葶草尚未成功。从资源保护和商业价值考量,该品种适宜大面积规模化种植。其茎短、根细弱,是导致人工种植失败的主要原因。

In order to study the biological characteristics of Dendrobium porphyrochilum,understand its growth regularity and evaluate the value of its development and utilization.The author observed its botany characteristics,biological habits and yield traits and evaluated the commercial value of its stem.The vesults showed that floss-shaped and thinned roots,short stem weights was 0.14-0.72 g,yield averaged in the range of 42-216 g·m-2 to 252-1 296 kg·hm-2;The rate of broken stem was 17.06%,and it contains 4.22%Crude Ash,33.87%Polysaccharide,0.851%Calcium,0.016%Magnesium,0.879%Total Nitrogen and 0.264%Phosphorus.Furthermore,both fresh and dried products of Dendrobium porphyrochilum(Fengdou)were evaluated as taste good,and its dried flowers could be used as tea.Dendrobium porphyrochilum is mainly put in the market as edible fresh products and for dry products as Fengdou processing.At present,the commercial cultivation of Dendrobium porphyrochilum is not successful yet,and resulting in its endangered.From the consideration of resource protection and commercial value,Dendrobium porphyrochilum should be cultivated on large scale.And its short stem and thin root are the main reasons for failing artificial production.