元阳梯田稻田生态系统服务价值评价

Evaluation on service value of paddy field ecosystem in Yuanyang terraces

稻田生态系统为人类生存与发展提供了重要的产品与服务。元阳梯田是一种特殊的稻田生态系统,2013年被列入世界文化遗产保护名录,具有提供产品、服务、旅游休闲等多重功能。选取元阳梯田坝达景区为评价区,采用市场价格法、替代成本法、当量因子法等价值评价方法,构建评价模型;研究该区域稻田生态系统产生的经济(初级产品提供)、生态(气体调节、气侯调节、水调节、环境净化和维持生物多样性)和社会(景观旅游)等价值;结果表明:评价区域内稻田生态系统在2015年产生的稻田生态系统服务价值为21232.79万元。在选择的七项稻田生态系统服务指标中,水调节产生的价值最大,为10797万元。稻田生态系统产生的经济、生态、社会价值分别为2796.80、17875.98和560.00万元,生态价值要大于经济价值和社会价值。稻田生态系统是元阳梯田景观系统的核心组成部分,对其生态系统服务价值的研究,可以为梯田系统可持续利用提供重要依据,同时为保护这一世界文化遗产提供重要的基础数据。

Paddy field ecosystems can provide important products and services for humans including food production and economic development.The paddy field ecosystem in Yuanyang terraces(Yunnan Province,China)was listed in the World Cultural Heritage List in 2013 because of its uniqueness which provides multiple functions including products,services,travel and leisure,etc.The Bada scenic area was chosen for evaluation using market price,replacement cost,equivalent factor and other methods to establish the evaluation models.The economic,ecological and social values used in the analysis of the paddy field ecosystem in Bada included primary product supply,gas regulation,climate regulation,water regulation,environment purification,biodiversity maintenance and landscape tourism.The results of the models showed that the total value of the services provided by the Bada paddy field ecosystem in 2015 was 212.33 million yuan.Water regulation was the largest of the seven indicator service values used to develop the models,about 107.97 million yuan.The overall monetary values of the ecological,economic and social values produced by the Bada paddy field ecosystem were 178.76,27.97 and 5.60 million yuan,respectively.Paddy field ecosystems are the core of the Yuanyang terraces landscape system.Research on the value of their ecosystem services can provide an important basis for sustainable use of the terrace system and much-needed basic data to justify the World Cultural Heritage Listing.