横通道对隧道火灾发展与人员疏散的影响

Influence of cross tunnel on development of tunnel fire and on personnel evacuation

建立全尺寸城市大断面越江隧道模型,利用FDS+Evac对隧道火灾及人员疏散进行数值模拟,研究设置横通道与采用疏散滑梯两种疏散条件下的人员疏散过程,得到两种条件下人员疏散的可用安全疏散时间(ASET)和必需安全疏散时间(RSET)。研究结果表明,无论隧道盾构段有无人行横通道,发生火灾时,人员吸入有毒气体剂量水平均低于人员致死水平,不会造成人员的伤亡。但对隧道环境不熟悉、缺乏隧道逃生经验的人员在起火点区域安全程度低,需采取有效措施引导疏散。

Taking a large scale cross-section road tunnel as physi-cal model,FDS+Evac was used to simulate the fire and evacuation in tunnel.The evacuation under two conditions of cross tunnel and evacuation slide was studied and the ASET and RSET under these two conditions were obtained.The results showed that with or without cross tunnel,the toxic gas inhaled by evacuation person during the fire is not fatal.The person near the fire is not safety enough if they are not familiar with the tunnel or lack of evacuation experience,and they should be guided during the evacuation.