磷酸三丁酯/溶剂诱导分相技术萃取铀酰离子的研究

Tributyl phosphate/Solvent-induced Phase Separation Technology Extraction of Uranium ion

本实验是使用磷酸三丁酯(TBP)和氯仿萃取水相中的铀酰离子方法的可行性进行探索及萃取时的最佳实验条件进行研究。包括最佳萃取浓度、最佳萃取酸度及最佳萃取温度。实验依据是:在匀相的乙睛-水体系中添加一种疏水但与乙腈互溶的有机溶剂(氯仿),能诱导乙腈水体系分相,基于此现象建立了磷酸三丁酯(TBP)萃取水相中的铀酰离子方法——溶剂诱导相变萃取(SIPTE),与传统的液-液萃取法相比,该法最大的优势为新形成的有机相为乙腈(仅含少量氯仿)。此方法提取溶质在均匀的液体-液体萃取,初始条件是均匀的溶液,即存在的水相与水混溶的有机溶剂相之间无界面。换一种说法,最初界面的表面积为无限大。因此,不需要剧烈机械摇动。该过程简单,只需要增加相关的试剂,即可提高萃取量。

This experiment is the use of tributyl phosphate(TBP)and the feasibility of the method of uranyl ion in the aqueous phase was extracted with chloroform exploration and extraction at optimum conditions were studied.Including the best extracts concentration,the optimum extraction acidity and the best extraction temperature.Experimental evidence is:homogeneous phase acetonitrile-Add water system but one hydrophobic organic solvent miscible with acetonitrile(chloroform),acetonitrile and water system to induce phase separation,based on this phenomenon to establish a tri-butyl phosphate(TBP)extraction uranyl ion in the aqueous phase process-induced phase change solvent extraction(SIPTE),with the traditional liquid-liquid extraction method compared to the greatest advantage of this method is the newly formed organic phase acetonitrile(containing only a small amount of chloroform).This method of extracting a solute in a homogeneous liquid-liquid extraction,the initial condition is a homogeneous solution,i.e.,without the presence of the interface between the aqueous phase of the water-immiscible organic solvent phase.Put another way,the surface area of the initial interface is infinite.Therefore,no vigorous mechanical shaking.The process is simple,only we need to increase the related reagent can increase the amount of extraction.