农村外来媳妇的留守生活——基于皖西南M村的考察

The left-home life of non-local rural married woman——based on the study of M Village in Southwest of Anhui Province

在"乡-城"流动的背景下,农村地区出现一种新婚姻模式——"外来媳妇本地郎"。由于制度和家庭(或自身)的原因,相当一部分外来媳妇在婚后选择留守夫家。那么,这些人过得怎样?本研究认为,农村外来媳妇的留守生活本质上是一种再社会化,并以社会适应理论为指导,通过对皖西南M村的田野调查发现,当前农村外来媳妇的留守生活不太理想,存在诸多适应问题,主要表现为生活层面的约束感、劳作层面的拒斥感和心理层面的孤寂感。进一步分析发现,人力资本欠缺、社会资本限制、心理资本不足和政策支持缺位是导致其留守状况不佳的根源。因此,需要构建全面的支持体系,以增强外来媳妇的综合资本,提高跨地区婚姻的稳定性和满意度。

Under the background of"rural-city"flow,there is a new phenomenon of marriage-"non-local wife and local husband"in rural areas.Due to the system and famaly reasons,these women have stayed in their husband's hometowns.So,how does these people?This paper holds thattheir left-home life is essentially a process of resocialization.Then,based on social adaptationtheory and the field investigation of M village in Southwest Anhui Province,this paper found that their left-home life is not ideal in the following aspects:constraints in daily life,rejection in farming and loneliness in psychology,which resulted from the lack of human capital,limitation of social capital,shortage of psychological capital and insufficiency of policy support.Thus,it is necessary to construct comprehensive supporting system to enhance consolidated capital thereby improving the stability and satisfaction of cross-region marriage.